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Signos de consumo de drogas y los adolescentes - Overview

Nombres alternativos

Adolescentes y drogas

Información:

Aunque algunas encuestas sugieren que el consumo de drogas en los adolescentes ha disminuido desde el año 2001, las cifras aún siguen siendo demasiado altas. Más del 17% de los estudiantes de secundaria admitieron el consumo de drogas dentro del mes cuando fueron encuestados y más del 40% de ellos mayores de 12 años dicen que han probado alguna droga al menos una vez en sus vidas.

Algunos de los signos de posible consumo de drogas pueden ser:

  • Ojos inyectados de sangre
  • Tos persistente
  • Pupilas de los ojos extremadamente grandes (dilatadas) o extremadamente pequeñas (puntiformes)
  • Pérdida del apetito (como en el caso de consumo de anfetaminas, metanfetaminas, cocaína)
  • Aumento del apetito (como en el caso de la marihuana)
  • Pereza, apatía o somnolencia constante (drogas opiáceas como la heroína, codeína o puede suceder al "ir pasando el efecto" de drogas estimulantes)
  • Hiperactividad (como se ve con los "estimulantes" como la cocaína, metanfetaminas)
  • Mal rendimiento y aumento del ausentismo escolar
  • Alejamiento de la familia y de las actividades extracurriculares
  • Cambio en los grupos de amigos
  • Olor o aliento inusual (drogas inhaladas)
  • Comportamiento reservado
  • Mentir o robar
  • Pronunciación lenta o mala (con depresivos)
  • Hablar rápido o de manera explosiva (estimulantes)
  • Marcha inestable (ataxia)

La intervención temprana puede disminuir la probabilidad de que continúe el consumo de drogas en esta población. Ver los artículos sobre drogadicción y farmacodependencia y drogadicción.

  • Reviewed last on: 8/2/2009
  • Linda J. Vorvick, MD, Medical Director, MEDEX Northwest Division of Physician Assistant Studies, University of Washington, School of Medicine. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.

Referencias

Jenkins RR, Adger H. Substance abuse. In: Kliegman RM, Behrman RE, Jenson HB, Stanton BF, eds. Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics. 18th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier; 2007:chap 113.

National Institute on Drug Abuse: Preventing drug use among children and adolescents. NIH Publication No. 04-4212(B). 1997. Revised October 2003.

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