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Ácido fólico y prevención de anomalías congénitas - Overview

Overview

Nombres alternativos

Prevención de anomalías congénitas con ácido fólico (folato)

Información:

Pregunta:

¿Ayuda el uso de ácido fólico a prevenir las anomalías congénitas?

Respuesta:

Existe buena evidencia de que se puede reducir el riesgo de ciertas anomalías congénitas ( espina bífida, anencefalia y algunos defectos cardíacos) tomando una dosis diaria de 400 microgramos de ácido fólico antes de la concepción y durante el primer trimestre del embarazo. Por lo tanto, si usted quisiera quedar embarazada en un futuro cercano, debe tomar multivitaminas con esta cantidad de ácido fólico.

Las mujeres que han tenido un bebé con una anomalía congénita del tubo neural necesitarán una dosis más alta de ácido fólico. Si usted ha tenido un bebé con anomalía congénita del tubo neural, debe tomar 400 microgramos de ácido fólico por día, incluso cuando no esté planeando quedar embarazada. Si está planeando quedar en embarazo, debe hablar con su médico e incrementar la ingesta de ácido fólico a 4 miligramos por día durante el mes antes de quedar embarazada hasta por lo menos la 12ª semana del embarazo.

Primer trimestre del embarazo

Ácido fólico

Primeras semanas de embarazo

Reviewed last on: 9/2/2009
Linda J. Vorvick, MD, Medical Director, MEDEX Northwest Division of Physician Assistant Studies, University of Washington, School of Medicine; Susan Storck, MD, FACOG, Chief, Eastside Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Group Health Cooperative of Puget Sound, Redmond, Washington; Clinical Teaching Faculty, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Washington School of Medicine. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.

Referencias

Johnson TRB, Gregory KD, Niebyl JR. Preconception and prenatal care: Part of the continuum. In: Gabbe SG, Niebyl JR, Simpson JL, eds. Obstetrics: Normal and Problem Pregnancies. 5th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Elsevier Churchill Livingstone; 2007:chap 5.

Neural tube defects. ACOG Practice Bulletin No. 44. American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. Obstet Gynecol. 2003;102:203–213.

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