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Aminoácidos - Overview

Información:

Los aminoácidos son compuestos orgánicos que se combinan para formar proteínas. Los aminoácidos y las proteínas son los pilares fundamentales de la vida.

Cuando las proteínas se digieren o se descomponen, los aminoácidos se acaban. El cuerpo humano requiere de muchos aminoácidos para:

  • Descomponer los alimentos.
  • Crecer.
  • Reparar tejidos corporales.
  • Llevar a cabo muchas otras funciones corporales.

Los aminoácidos se clasifican en tres grupos:

  • Aminoácidos esenciales.
  • Aminoácidos no esenciales.
  • Aminoácidos condicionales.

Aminoácidos esenciales:

  • Los aminoácidos esenciales no los puede producir el cuerpo. En consecuencia, deben provenir de los alimentos.
  • Los nueve aminoácidos esenciales son: histidina, isoleucina, leucina, lisina, metionina, fenilalanina, treonina, triptófano y valina.

Aminoácidos no esenciales:

  • "No esencial" significa que nuestros cuerpos producen un aminoácido, aun cuando no lo obtengamos de los alimentos que consumimos.
  • Estos aminoácidos son: alanina, asparagina, ácido aspártico y ácido glutámico.

Aminoácidos condicionales:

  • Los aminoácidos condicionales por lo regular no son esenciales, excepto en momentos de enfermedad y estrés.
  • Ellos abarcan: arginina, cisteína, glutamina, tirosina, glicina, ornitina, prolina y serina.

Usted no necesita ingerir aminoácidos esenciales y no esenciales en cada comida, pero es importante lograr un equilibrio de ellos durante todo el día.

  • Reviewed last on: 2/8/2011
  • A.D.A.M. Editorial Team: David Zieve, MD, MHA, and David R. Eltz. Previously reviewed by Alison Evert, MS, RD, CDE, Nutritionist, University of Washington Medical Center, Diabetes Care Center, Seattle, Washington (2/8/2011).

Referencias

Trumbo P, Schlicker S, Yates AA, Poos M; Food and Nutrition Board of the Institute of Medicine, The National Academies. Dietary reference intakes for energy, carbohydrate, fiber, fat, fatty acids, cholesterol, protein and amino acids. J Am Diet Assoc. 2002;102(11):1621-1630.

Escott-Stump S, eds. Nutrition and Diagnosis-Related Care. 6th ed. Philadelphia Pa: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2008.

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