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Anastomosis - Overview

Definición:

Es una conexión quirúrgica entre dos estructuras. Generalmente quiere decir una conexión creada entre estructuras tubulares, como los vasos sanguíneos o las asas del intestino.

Por ejemplo, cuando se extirpa quirúrgicamente parte de un intestino, los dos extremos restantes se cosen o se unen con grapas (se anastomosan) y el procedimiento se denomina anastomosis intestinal.

Información:

Ejemplos de anastomosis quirúrgicas son la colostomía (una abertura que se crea entre el intestino y la piel abdominal) y la fístula arteriovenosa (una abertura creada entre una arteria y una vena) para realizar la hemodiálisis.

Una anastomosis patológica (causada por enfermedad) puede ser producto de un trauma o una infección y puede comprometer venas, arterias o intestinos, y generalmente se les llama fístulas.

Las fístulas traumáticas por lo general se presentan entre una arteria y una vena. Las fístulas traumáticas intestinales por lo general se presentan de dos maneras:

  • Entre dos asas del intestino (fístula enteroentérica)
  • Entre el intestino y la piel (fístula enterocutánea)
  • Reviewed last on: 8/8/2009
  • Linda J. Vorvick, MD, Medical Director, MEDEX Northwest Division of Physician Assistant Studies, University of Washington, School of Medicine. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.

Referencias

Townsend CM, Beauchamp RD, Evers BM, Mattox KL. Sabiston Textbook of Surgery, 17th ed. St. Louis, MO: WB Saunders; 2004: 1439-1464.

Feldman M, Friedman LS, Sleisenger MH, eds. Sleisenger & Fordtran’s Gastrointestinal and Liver Disease. 7th ed. Philadelphia, PA: WB Saunders; 2002:2075.

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