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Hierro en la dieta - Food Sources

Nombres alternativos

Hierro y dieta

Fuentes alimenticias:

Las mejores fuentes de hierro abarcan:

  • Legumbres secas
  • Frutas deshidratadas
  • Huevos (especialmente las yemas)
  • Cereales fortificados con hierro
  • Hígado
  • Carne roja y magra (especialmente la carne de res)
  • Ostras
  • Carne de aves, carnes rojas oscuras
  • Salmón
  • Atún
  • Granos enteros

Igualmente, en la carne de cordero, la carne de cerdo y en los mariscos se encuentran cantidades moderadas de hierro.

El hierro proveniente de hortalizas, frutas, granos y suplementos es más difícil de absorber. Estas fuentes abarcan:

  • Frutas deshidratadas:
    • ciruelas pasas
    • uvas pasas
    • albaricoques
  • Legumbres:
    • habas
    • semillas de soya (soja)
    • arvejas (guisantes) y fríjoles secos
    • habichuelas
  • Semillas:
    • almendras
    • nueces de Brasil
  • Verduras como:
    • brócoli
    • espinaca
    • col rizada
    • coles
    • espárragos
    • hojas de diente de león
  • Granos enteros:
    • trigo
    • mijo
    • avena
    • arroz integral

Si se mezcla algo de carne magra, pescado o carne de aves con legumbres o verduras de hojas oscuras en una comida, se puede mejorar hasta tres veces la absorción de hierro de fuentes vegetales. Los alimentos ricos en vitamina C también aumentan la absorción de hierro.

Algunos alimentos reducen la absorción de hierro: por ejemplo, los tipos comerciales de té negro o té pekoe contienen sustancias que se fijan al hierro de tal manera que el cuerpo no lo puede utilizar.

  • Reviewed last on: 3/2/2011
  • Alison Evert, MS, RD, CDE, Nutritionist, University of Washington Medical Center Diabetes Care Center, Seattle, Washington. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.

Referencias

Trumbo P, Yates AA, Schlicker S, Poos M. Food and Nutrition Board, Institute of Medicine, The National Academies, Washington, DC. Dietary reference intakes: vitamin A, vitamin K, arsenic, boron, chromium, copper, iodine, iron, manganese, molybdenum, nickel, silicon, vanadium, and zinc. J Am Diet Assoc. 2001 Mar;101(3):294-301.

Allen RE, Myers AL. Nutrition in toddlers. Am Fam Physician. 2006 Nov 1;74(9):1527-32. Review.

Mason, MB. Vitamins, trace minerals, and other micronutrients. In: Goldman L, Ausiello D, eds. Cecil Medicine. 23rd ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier; 2007: chap 237.

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