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Sobredosis de laxantes - Symptom

Nombres alternativos

Abuso de laxantes

Síntomas:

Los síntomas más comunes son náuseas, vómitos, cólicos abdominales y diarrea. La deshidratación y los problemas de electrolitos son más comunes en los niños que en los adultos. A continuación se presentan síntomas específicos para el producto real.

Bisacodil

  • Cólicos
  • Diarrea

Sen, cáscara sagrada

  • Dolor abdominal
  • Heces con sangre
  • Colapso
  • Diarrea

Fenolftaleína

  • Dolor abdominal
  • Colapso
  • Diarrea
  • Mareo
  • Descenso en la presión arterial
  • Glucemia baja
  • Erupción

Fosfato de sodio

  • Dolor abdominal
  • Colapso
  • Diarrea
  • Debilidad muscular
  • Vómitos

Productos con contenido de magnesio

  • Dolor abdominal
  • Colapso
  • Coma
  • Muerte
  • Diarrea (acuosa)
  • Descenso en la presión arterial
  • Sofoco
  • Irritación gastrointestinal
  • Debilidad muscular
  • Evacuaciones dolorosas
  • Micción dolorosa
  • Respiración lenta
  • Sed
  • Vómitos

El aceite de ricino puede causar irritación gastrointestinal.

El aceite mineral puede causar neumonía por aspiración, una afección en la cual se presenta inhalación de los contenidos estomacales al vomitar.

Los productos que contengan metilcelulosa, carboximetilcelulosa, policarbófilo o psilio pueden causar asfixia u obstrucción intestinal si no se toman con suficiente líquido.

  • Reviewed last on: 10/1/2009
  • Jacob L. Heller, MD, MHA, Emergency Medicine, Virginia Mason Medical Center, Seattle, Washington. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.

Referencias

Malagelada JR, Malagelada C. Nausea and vomiting. In: Feldman M, Friedman LS, Brandt LJ, eds. Sleisenger & Fordtran’s Gastrointestinal and Liver Disease. 8th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier; 2006:chap 8.

Sackeyfio AH, Gottlieb SJ. Anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa. In: Tintinalli JE, Kelen GD, Stapczynski JS, Ma OJ, Cline DM, eds. Emergency Medicine: A Comprehensive Study Guide. 6th ed. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill; 2004:chap 291.

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