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Sobredosis de hipoglucémicos orales - Overview

Nombres alternativos

Sobredosis de pastillas para la diabetes; Sobredosis de sulfonilúreas

Definición:

Las pastillas hipoglucémicas orales son una clase de medicamentos de venta bajo receta médica empleados para controlar la diabetes. Oral significa que se "toma por la boca". Hay muchos tipos diferentes de hipoglucémicos orales y este artículo se concentra en una clase llamada sulfonilúreas.

Una sobredosis ocurre cuando alguien toma accidental o intencionalmente más de la cantidad normal o recomendada de este medicamento.

Esto es sólo para fines de información y no para usarse en el tratamiento ni en el manejo de una exposición tóxica real. Si usted sufre una exposición, debe llamar al número local de emergencias (tal como 911 en los Estados Unidos) o al Centro Nacional de Toxicología (National Poison Control Center) a la línea 1-800-222-1222.

Elemento tóxico:

Hay muchos tipos de hipoglucémicos orales. El ingrediente tóxico depende del fármaco específico. El ingrediente principal (activo) en los hipoglucémicos orales a base de sulfonilúreas estimula las células en el páncreas a producir más insulina.

Dónde se encuentra:

Los hipoglucémicos orales a base de sulfonilúreas se venden bajo una variedad de nombres comerciales. Algunos aparecen en la siguiente lista:

  • Acetohexamida (Dymelor)
  • Clorpropamida (Diabinese)
  • Glipizida (Glucotrol)
  • Gliburida (DiaBeta, Micronase)
  • Glimepirida (Amaryl)
  • Tolbutamida (Orinase)
  • Tolazamida (Tolinase)

Nota: es posible que esta lista no los incluya a todos.

  • Reviewed last on: 1/18/2010
  • Jacob L. Heller, MD, MHA, Emergency Medicine, Virginia Mason Medical Center, Seattle, Washington. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.

Referencias

Burns MJ, Levine M. Diabetic control agents. In: Shannon MW, Borron SW, Burns MJ, eds. Haddad and Winchester's Clinical Management of Poisoning and Drug Overdose. 4th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier; 2007:chap 64.

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