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Dilatación y legrado - Overview

Nombres alternativos

Dilatación y curetaje (D y C); Raspado (legrado) uterino

Definición:

La dilatación y legrado (D y L) es un procedimiento que se realiza para raspar y recolectar tejido (endometrio) del interior del útero.

  • La dilatación ("D") es un ensanchamiento del cuello uterino para permitir el paso de instrumentos hacia el útero
  • Legrado ("L") es el raspado de las paredes del útero.

Descripción:

La dilatación y legrado, también llamado raspado o legrado uterino, se puede llevar a cabo en el hospital o en una clínica, estando bajo anestesia general o local.

El médico insertará un instrumento llamado espéculo en la vagina, el cual mantiene la cavidad vaginal abierta. Se puede aplicar un anestésico en la abertura hacia el útero ( cuello uterino).

La cavidad vaginal se ensancha empleando una varilla metálica y luego se pasa una legra o cureta (un asa de metal en el extremo de un mango largo y delgado) a través de la abertura hacia la cavidad uterina. El médico raspa suavemente la capa interna de tejido, llamada endometrio, y lo extrae para examinarlo.

Indicaciones:

Este procedimiento se puede llevar a cabo para:

El médico también puede recomendar la dilatación y el legrado si uno tiene:

  • Sangrado anormal estando con hormonoterapia
  • Un dispositivo intrauterino (DIU) incrustado
  • Sangrado después de la menopausia
  • Pólipos endometriales
  • Engrosamiento del útero

Es posible que esta lista no los incluya a todos.

  • Reviewed last on: 6/16/2010
  • Susan Storck, MD, FACOG, Chief, Eastside Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Group Health Cooperative of Puget Sound, Redmond, Washington; Clinical Teaching Faculty, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Washington School of Medicine. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.

Referencias

Lobo RA. Abnormal uterine bleeding: Ovulatory and anovulatory dysfunctional uterine bleeding, management of acute and chronic excessive bleeding. In: Katz VL, Lentz GM, Lobo RA, Gershenson DM, eds. Comprehensive Gynecology. 5th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Mosby Elsevier; 2007:chap 37.

Casablanca Y. Management of dysfunctional uterine bleeding. Obstet Gynecol Clin North Am. 2008;35(2):219-234.

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