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Es un procedimiento quirúrgico para crear una abertura a través del cuello dentro de la tráquea. Generalmente, se coloca un tubo o cánula a través de esta abertura para suministrar una vía aérea y retirar secreciones de los pulmones. Este tubo se llama cánula de traqueotomía o tubo traqueal.
Se utiliza anestesia general, a menos que la situación sea crítica. En ese caso, se inyecta anestesia local dentro del área para reducir la molestia causada por el procedimiento.
Se limpia y cubre el cuello con vendas de cirugía; luego se hacen unas incisiones quirúrgicas para exponer los anillos cartilaginosos duros que conforman la pared externa de la tráquea. Posteriormente, el cirujano crea una abertura dentro de la tráquea e inserta la cánula de traqueotomía.
Una traqueotomía se puede realizar si usted:
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Neacy KA. Tracheostomy care. In: Roberts JR, Hedges JR, eds. Clinical Procedures in Emergency Medicine. 5th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier;2009:chap 7.
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