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Dolor ocular - Overview

Nombres alternativos

Oftalmalgia; Dolor en los ojos

Definición:

El dolor ocular (que no se debe a una lesión) se puede describir como una sensación urente, pulsátil, dolorosa o lacerante ubicada en o alrededor del ojo. También se puede sentir como si hubiera un cuerpo extraño en el ojo.

Consideraciones:

Una sensación de cansancio o de cierta molestia en los ojos después de un largo período de trabajo (fatiga ocular) son generalmente problemas menores y, en realidad, no se catalogan como dolor ocular. Estos problemas pueden deberse a una prescripción inapropiada de anteojos o por un desequilibrio muscular.

Si bien el dolor ocular no es una dolencia común, puede ser un síntoma significativo que debe ser evaluado y tratado si el dolor no mejora. Es importante tratar de describirle al médico el dolor de la manera más completa posible.

Causas:

Una gran variedad de trastornos pueden causar el dolor en o alrededor de los ojos. En general, busque atención médica inmediata si el dolor es persistente, intenso o está asociado con disminución en la visión.

Algunos de los problemas que pueden provocar dolor ocular son:

  • Quemaduras
  • Conjuntivitis (conjuntivitis aguda) o cualquier inflamación de los párpados superior e inferior
  • Complicaciones por el uso de lentes de contacto
  • Problemas oculares (infección, irritación o lesión como, por ejemplo, una abrasión corneal)
  • Cirugía ocular
  • Glaucoma
  • Cefalea migrañosa
  • Problemas sinusales
  • Orzuelo (hordeolum)
  • Infecciones virales como la gripe
  • Reviewed last on: 10/31/2009
  • Linda Vorvick, MD, Medical Director, MEDEX Northwest Division of Physician Assistant Studies, University of Washington School of Medicine. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.

Referencias

Wright JL, Wightman JM. Red and painful eye. In: Marx JA, ed. Rosen's Emergency Medicine: Concepts and Clinical Practice. 7th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Mosby Elsevier; 2009:chap 32.

Rubenstein JB, Virasch V. Conjunctivitis: infectious and noninfectious. In: Yanoff M, Duker JS, eds. Ophthalmology. 3rd ed. St. Louis, MO: Mosby Elsevier; 2008:chap 4.6.

Rubenstein JB, Virasch V. Allergic conjunctivitis. In: Yanoff M, Duker JS, eds. Ophthalmology. 3rd ed. St. Louis, MO: Mosby Elsevier; 2008:chap 4.7.

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