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Ojos saltones - Overview

Nombres alternativos

Ojos protruyentes; Exoftalmos; Proptosis; Ojos prominentes o salidos

Definición:

Los ojos saltones corresponden a una protrusión (prominencia) anormal de uno o ambos ojos.

Consideraciones generales:

Los ojos prominentes pueden ser una característica familiar. Sin embargo, ojos prominentes no es lo mismo que ojos saltones, los cuales deben recibir atención inmediata.

La protrusión de un solo ojo, en especial en un niño, es un signo muy serio que debe ser evaluado inmediatamente.

El hipertiroidismo (particularmente la enfermedad de Graves) es probablemente la causa más común de los ojos saltones. Con esta afección, los ojos no parpadean muy a menudo y parecen estar fijos.

Generalmente, no debe haber porción blanca visible entre la parte superior del iris (parte coloreada del ojo) y el párpado superior. El hecho de observar parte blanca en esta área normalmente es un buen indicio de que hay protrusión anormal del ojo.

Debido a que los cambios oculares se producen muy lentamente, es posible que los miembros de la familia no se percaten de ellos hasta que la enfermedad esté relativamente avanzada. Las fotografías con frecuencia despiertan la atención hacia la protrusión cuando el problema ha pasado inadvertido antes.

Causas comunes:

  • Reviewed last on: 2/17/2011
  • Linda J. Vorvick, MD, Medical Director, MEDEX Northwest Division of Physician Assistant Studies, University of Washington, School of Medicine. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.

Referencias

Davies TF, Larsen PR. Thyrotoxicosis. In: Kronenberg HM, Melmed, S, Polonsky KS, Larsen PR, eds. Williams Textbook of Endocrinology. 11th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier; 2008: chap 11.

Olitsky SE, Hug D, SMith LP. Orbital abnormalities. In: Kliegman RM, Behrman RE, Jenson HB, Stanton BF, eds. Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics. 18th Ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier; 2007: chap 632.

Dutton JJ. Orbital diseases. In: Yanoff M, Duker JS, eds. Ophthalmology. 3rd ed. St. Louis, Mo: Mosby Elsevier; 2008:chap 12.12.

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