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Volumen urinario excesivo - Overview

Nombres alternativos

Poliuria

Definición:

El volumen urinario excesivo, cuya denominación médica es poliuria, se refiere a la emisión anormal de grandes cantidades de orina cada día.

Consideraciones generales:

Un volumen urinario excesivo para un adulto sería de al menos 2.5 litros de orina al día.

La poliuria es un síntoma bastante común que se nota con más frecuencia cuando la persona se tiene que levantar a utilizar el baño en la noche.

Causas comunes:

  • Beber una gran cantidad de líquidos, particularmente los que contienen alcohol o cafeína
  • Demasiada sal o glucosa (si la persona tiene diabetes)
  • Ciertos medicamentos, especialmente diuréticos
  • Diabetes (incluyendo diabetes insípida)
  • Polidipsia psicógena, más comúnmente en mujeres mayores de 30 años
  • Insuficiencia renal
  • Anemia drepanocítica
  • Exámenes imagenológicos que impliquen inyectar un colorante especial (medio de contraste) en la vena: la cantidad de orina producida se incrementará hasta por 24 horas después de esto
  • Reviewed last on: 9/30/2009
  • David C. Dugdale, III, MD, Professor of Medicine, Division of General Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine; Scott Miller, MD, Urologist in private practice in Atlanta, Georgia. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.

Referencias

Gerber GS, Brendler CB. Evaluation of the urologic patient: History, physical examination, and the urinalysis. In: Wein AJ, ed. Campbell-Walsh Urology. 9th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier; 2007: chap 3.

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