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Movimiento lento o incontrolable - Overview

Nombres alternativos

Distonía; Movimientos involuntarios lentos y convulsivos; Coreoatetosis; Movimientos incontrolables de brazos y piernas; Movimientos incontrolables de piernas y brazos; Movimientos involuntarios y lentos de grupos grandes de músculos; Movimientos atetoides

Definición:

Es un problema con el tono muscular, generalmente en grupos grandes de músculos. El problema lleva a movimientos espasmódicos, incontrolables y lentos de la cabeza, las extremidades, el tronco o el cuello.

Ver también:

Consideraciones:

El movimiento anormal puede reducirse o desaparecer durante el sueño y empeora con el estrés emocional.

Las posturas anormales y algunas veces extrañas pueden ocurrir debido a estos movimientos.

Causas:

Los movimientos sinuosos lentos y convulsivos de los músculos (atetosis) o las contracciones musculares espasmódicas (distonía) pueden ser causados por un gran número de afecciones, entre ellas:

Parálisis cerebral
Efectos secundarios de medicamentos
Encefalitis
Enfermedades genéticas
Encefalopatía hepática
Enfermedad de Huntington
Accidente cerebrovascular

Algunas veces, dos factores (como una lesión cerebral y un medicamento) interactúan para causar movimientos anormales cuando ninguno de los dos por separado causaría un problema.

Atrofia muscular

Reviewed last on: 2/5/2011
David C. Dugdale, III, MD, Professor of Medicine, Division of General Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine. Also reviewed by Joseph V. Campellone, MD, Division of Neurology, Cooper University Hospital, Camden, NJ. Review provided by VeriMed Healthcare Network. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.

Referencias

Jankovic J, Lang AE. Movement disorders: diagnosis and assessment. In: Bradley WG, Daroff RB, Fenichel GM, Jankovic J, eds. Bradley: Neurology in Clinical Practice. 5th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Butterworth-Heinemann Elsevier; 2008:chap 23.

Lang A. Other movement disorders. In: Goldman L, Ausiello D, eds. Cecil Medicine. 23rd ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier; 2007:chap 434.

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