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Disminución de la lucidez mental - Overview

Nombres alternativos

Estuporoso; Disminución del estado mental; Pérdida de la lucidez mental; Reducción del estado de conciencia; Cambios en el estado de conciencia; Obnubilación o embotamiento; Coma; Falta o ausencia de respuesta

Definición:

Es un estado de disminución de la conciencia.

El coma es un estado de disminución de la lucidez mental del cual un paciente no se puede despertar. El coma prolongado se denomina estado vegetativo.

Ver también:

Causas:

Muchas afecciones pueden causar una disminución de la lucidez mental, como:

Lesión o trastornos cerebrales, tales como:

Lesión o accidentes, como:

  • Accidentes de buceo y ahogamiento inminente
  • Insolación
  • Temperatura corporal muy baja (hipotermia)

Problemas respiratorios o cardíacos, como:

Toxinas y drogas, como:

  • Consumo excesivo de alcohol (beber demasiado o daño a raíz del consumo prolongado de alcohol).
  • Exposición a metales pesados, hidrocarburos o gases tóxicos.
  • Consumo exagerado de drogas como opiáceos, narcóticos, sedantes y ansiolíticos o anticonvulsivos.
  • Efectos secundarios de casi cualquier medicamento, como los que se utilizan para tratar convulsiones, depresión, psicosis y otros padecimientos.
  • Reviewed last on: 4/3/2011
  • Jacob L. Heller, MD, MHA, Emergency Medicine, Virginia Mason Medical Center, Seattle, Washington. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.

Referencias

Blok BK, Newman TM. Syncope. In: Tintinalli JE, Kelen GD, Stapczynski JS, Ma OJ, Cline DM, eds. Emergency Medicine: A Comprehensive Study Guide. 6th ed. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill; 2004:chap 52.

Huff JS. Altered mental status and coma. In: Tintinalli JE, Kelen GD, Stapczynski JS, Ma OJ, Cline DM, eds. Emergency Medicine: A Comprehensive Study Guide. 6th ed. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill; 2004:chap 259.

Kirsch TD. Head injury. In: Tintinalli JE, Kelen GD, Stapczynski JS, Ma OJ, Cline DM, eds. Emergency Medicine: A Comprehensive Study Guide. 6th ed. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill; 2004:chap 255.

Huff JS, Martin ML. Altered mental status and coma. In: Wolfson AB, Hendey GW, Ling LJ, et al, eds. Harwood-Nuss' Clinical Practice of Emergency Medicine. 5th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2009:chap 14.

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