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Sangrado vaginal durante el embarazo - Overview

Nombres alternativos

Pérdida de sangre materna; Hemorragia vaginal durante el embarazo

Definición:

Es el sangrado que sale a través de la vagina durante el embarazo por cualquier razón.

Consideraciones generales:

Hasta el 10% de las mujeres presentan sangrado vaginal en algún momento durante su embarazo, especialmente durante los primeros 3 meses (primer trimestre). Dicho sangrado es incluso más común con mellizos.

Para ayudar a prevenir un aborto espontáneo u otros problemas durante el embarazo:

  • Evite el cigarrillo y el consumo de drogas de cualquier tipo, incluyendo el alcohol
  • Consuma una dieta balanceada
  • Hágase chequeos médicos con regularidad
  • Tome vitaminas prenatales (o vitaminas ricas en ácido fólico) antes y después de quedar en embarazo

Causas comunes:

El sangrado vaginal durante los 3 primeros meses del embarazo puede ser una señal de aborto espontáneo o embarazo ectópico. Acuda al médico inmediatamente. Durante los meses 4-9, el sangrado puede ser un signo de:

Otras posibles causas de sangrado vaginal durante el embarazo:

  • Parto prematuro (aparición con sangre)
  • Embarazo ectópico
  • Infección en el cuello uterino
  • Traumatismo al cuello uterino a raíz de relaciones sexuales (pequeña cantidad de sangrado)

Otras enfermedades o medicamentos pueden causar sangrado durante el embarazo. Dichas causas pueden diferir dependiendo de la edad.

Las características del sangrado pueden indicar sus causas y abarcan:

  • Duración del sangrado
  • Calidad (sangrado leve o abundante, con o sin dolor)
  • Lo que lo hace mejorar
  • Lo que lo hace empeorar
  • Reviewed last on: 2/22/2010
  • Linda J. Vorvick, MD, Medical Director, MEDEX Northwest Division of Physician Assistant Studies, University of Washington, School of Medicine; Susan Storck, MD, FACOG, Chief, Eastside Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Group Health Cooperative of Puget Sound, Redmond, Washington; Clinical Teaching Faculty, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Washington School of Medicine. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.

Referencias

Gabbe SG, Niebyl JR, Simpson JL, ed. Obstetrics: Normal and Problem Pregnancies. 5th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Churchill Livingstone Elsevier; 2007.

Taval VS, Glass CM. Emergency ultrasound. In: Marx JA, ed. Rosen’s Emergency Medicine: Concepts and Clinical Practice. 7th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Mosby Elsevier; 2009:chap 197.

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