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Fasciculaciones musculares - Overview

Nombres alternativos

Fasciculaciones de los músculos; Crispamiento espasmódico del músculo

Definición:

Son movimientos finos de una pequeña área de músculo.

Consideraciones generales:

Las fasciculaciones musculares son causadas por contracciones musculares menores en el área o fasciculaciones incontrolables de un grupo muscular abastecido por una sola fibra nerviosa motora.

Las fasciculaciones musculares son menores y a menudo pasan inadvertidas. Algunas son comunes y normales, mientras que otras son signos de un trastorno neurológico.

Causas comunes:

  • Deficiencia dietética
  • Sobredosis de drogas (cafeína)
  • Efectos secundarios de fármacos (como los diuréticos, los corticosteroides y los estrógenos)
  • Ejercicio
  • Fasciculaciones que no son causadas por enfermedades o trastornos (fasciculaciones benignas)
    • a menudo afectan los párpados, la pantorrilla o el dedo pulgar
    • normales y muy comunes, a menudo causadas por estrés o ansiedad
    • son intermitentes y no duran más de unos cuantos días

Afecciones neurológicas que pueden causar fasciculaciones musculares:

Los síntomas que sugieren un trastorno neurológico abarcan:

  • Pérdida o cambio en la sensibilidad
  • Pérdida del tamaño del músculo (emaciación o desgaste)
  • Debilidad
  • Reviewed last on: 3/21/2010
  • David C. Dugdale, III, MD, Professor of Medicine, Division of General Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine; Luc Jasmin, MD, PhD, Department of Neurosurgery at Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, and Department of Anatomy at UCSF, San Francisco, CA. Review provided by VeriMed Healthcare Network. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.

Referencias

Barohn RJ. Muscle diseases. In: Goldman L, Ausiello D, eds. Cecil Medicine. 23rd ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier; 2007: chap 447.

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