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Terapia electroconvulsiva - Overview

Nombres alternativos

TEC; Tratamiento de shock

Definición:

Es un tratamiento para la depresión que utiliza electricidad para inducir una convulsión.

Forma en que se realiza el examen:

La terapia electroconvulsiva (TEC) se realiza con mayor frecuencia en la sala de recuperación o en el quirófano de un hospital, bajo anestesia general. Se aplica electricidad al cerebro durante algunos segundos para provocar actividad convulsiva y se administra un medicamento para impedir que la convulsión se extienda por todo el cuerpo. Esta terapia generalmente se aplica tres veces a la semana por un total de 6 a 12 sesiones.

Preparación para el examen:

Debido a que se administra anestesia general, el paciente no debe comer ni beber antes del procedimiento.

Se le debe preguntar al médico si se debe tomar algún medicamento diario en la mañana antes del procedimiento.

Lo que se siente durante el examen:

Algunas personas han reportado una leve confusión y dolor de cabeza después de una terapia electroconvulsiva. El personal del hospital controla de cerca al paciente después de este procedimiento con el fin de garantizar una recuperación completa.

Razones por las que se realiza el examen:

La terapia electroconvulsiva es un tratamiento altamente efectivo para la depresión y se utiliza también para tratar el trastorno bipolar, la catatonía y algunos trastornos psicóticos.

  • Reviewed last on: 8/24/2008
  • Timothy A. Rogge, MD, private practice in Psychiatry, Kirkland, Washington. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.

Referencias

Frederikse M, Petrides G, Kellner C. Continuation and maintenance electroconvulsive therapy for the treatment of depressive illness: a response to the National Institute for Clinical Excellence report. J ECT. 2006;22:13-17.

Kellner CH, Knapp RG, Petrides G, et al. Continuation electroconvulsive therapy vs pharmacotherapy for relapse prevention in major depression: a multisite study from the Consortium for Research in Electroconvulsive Therapy (CORE). Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2006;63:1337-1344.

Institute for Clinical Systems Improvement. Health Care Guideline: Major Depression in Adults in Primary Care. 10th ed. May 2007.

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