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Determinación del grupo sanguíneo - Risks

Nombres alternativos

Determinación del grupo sanguíneo ABO (hemoclasificación); Pruebas cruzadas; Determinación del Rh

Cuáles son los riesgos:

Los riesgos asociados con la toma de una muestra de sangre pueden ser:

  • Desmayo o sensación de mareo
  • Punciones múltiples para localizar las venas
  • Sangrado excesivo
  • Hematoma (acumulación de sangre debajo de la piel)
  • Infección (un riesgo leve en cualquier momento que se presente ruptura de la piel)

Consideraciones especiales:

Existen muchos antígenos además de los mayores (A, B y Rh). Muchos antígenos menores no se detectan rutinariamente durante la determinación del grupo sanguíneo. Si no se detectan, usted puede aún experimentar una reacción al recibir ciertos tipos de sangre, incluso si los antígenos A, B y Rh son compatibles.

Un proceso llamado pruebas cruzadas, seguido de una prueba de Coombs, puede ayudar a detectar estos antígenos menores y se realiza de manera rutinaria antes de las transfusiones, excepto en situaciones de emergencia.

  • Reviewed last on: 2/5/2010
  • David C. Dugdale, III, MD, Professor of Medicine, Division of General Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine; Yi-Bin Chen, MD, Leukemia/Bone Marrow Transplant Program, Massachusetts General Hospital. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.

Referencias

Goodnough LT. Transfusion medicine. In: Goldman L, Ausiello D, eds. Cecil Medicine. 23rd ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier; 2007:chap 183.

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