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Prueba de embarazo - Overview

Definición:

Es una prueba que mide una hormona llamada gonadotropina coriónica humana (GCH), producida durante el embarazo. Esta hormona aparece en la sangre y en la orina de las mujeres embarazadas hasta 10 días después de la concepción.

Ver también:

Forma en que se realiza el examen:

Una prueba de embarazo se puede llevar a cabo utilizando sangre u orina. Existen dos tipos de pruebas de embarazo:

  • Cualitativa: que mide si la hormona GCH está o no presente.
  • Cuantitativa: que mide cuánta hormona GCH está presente.

La prueba de sangre se hace extrayendo un solo tubo de sangre y enviándolo al laboratorio. Se debe esperar entre unas cuantas horas hasta más de un día para obtener los resultados.

La prueba de la gonadotropina coriónica humana (GCH) en orina por lo general se lleva a cabo mediante la aplicación de una gota de orina en una banda o tira química preparada y generalmente arroja el resultado en uno o dos minutos.

Lo que se siente durante el examen:

El examen de orina implica la micción normal en un recipiente. Los exámenes en suero implican la extracción de sangre por medio de una aguja y dentro de un tubo. Cualquier molestia que se pueda sentir por la extracción de la sangre solamente durará unos pocos segundos.

Razones por las que se realiza el examen:

Esta prueba se puede hacer para:

  • Determinar si usted está embarazada.
  • Diagnosticar condiciones anormales que pueden elevar los niveles de GCH.
  • Vigilar el desarrollo del embarazo durante los primeros 3 meses (sólo la prueba cuantitativa).
  • Reviewed last on: 11/21/2010
  • Linda J. Vorvick, MD, Medical Director, MEDEX Northwest Division of Physician Assistant Studies, University of Washington, School of Medicine; and Susan Storck, MD, FACOG, Chief, Eastside Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Group Health Cooperative of Puget Sound, Redmond, Washington; Clinical Teaching Faculty, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Washington School of Medicine. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.

Referencias

Webster RA. Reproductive function and pregnancy. In: McPherson RA, Pincus MR, eds. Henry's Clinical Diagnosis and Management by Laboratory Methods. 21st ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier; 2006:chap 25.

Morrison LJ. General approach to the pregnant patient. In: Marx JA, Hockberger RS, Walls RM, et al, eds. Rosen’s Emergency Medicine: Concepts and Clinical Practice. 7th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Mosby Elsevier; 2009:chap 175.

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