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Examen de nitrógeno ureico en la sangre (BUN) - Overview

Nombres alternativos

Nitrógeno ureico en sangre

Definición:

BUN (por sus siglas en inglés) corresponde a nitrógeno ureico en sangre. El nitrógeno ureico es lo que se forma cuando la proteína se descompone.

Se puede hacer un examen para medir la cantidad de nitrógeno ureico en la sangre.

Forma en que se realiza el examen:

Se necesita una muestra de sangre. Para obtener información sobre la forma como se hace esto, ver el artículo: venopunción .

Preparación para el examen:

Muchos fármacos afectan los niveles del BUN. Antes de someterse a este examen, asegúrese de comentarle al médico qué medicamentos está tomando.

Los fármacos que pueden incrementar las mediciones del BUN abarcan:

  • Alopurinol
  • Aminoglucósidos
  • Anfotericina B
  • Ácido acetilsalicílico (aspirin) en altas dosis
  • Bacitracina
  • Carbamazepina
  • Cefalosporinas
  • Hidrato de cloral
  • Cisplatino
  • Colistina
  • Furosemida
  • Guanetidina
  • Indometacina
  • Meticilina
  • Metotrexato
  • Metildopa
  • Neomicina
  • Penicilamina
  • Polimixina B
  • Probenecida
  • Propranolol
  • Rifampina
  • Espironolactona
  • Tetraciclinas
  • Diuréticos tiazídicos
  • Triamtereno
  • Vancomicina

Los fármacos que pueden disminuir las mediciones de BUN abarcan:

  • Cloranfenicol
  • Estreptomicina

Lo que se siente durante el examen:

Cuando se inserta la aguja para extraer la sangre, algunas personas sienten un dolor moderado, mientras que otras sólo sienten un pinchazo o sensación de picadura. Posteriormente, puede haber algo de sensación pulsátil.

Razones por las que se realiza el examen:

El examen de nitrógeno ureico en sangre (BUN) con frecuencia se hace para evaluar la función renal.

  • Reviewed last on: 5/30/2011
  • David C. Dugdale, III, MD, Professor of Medicine, Division of General Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine; Jatin M. Vyas, MD, PhD, Assistant Professor in Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Assistant in Medicine, Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.

Referencias

Clarkson MR, Friedewald JJ, Eustace JA, Rabb H. Acute kidney injury. In: Brenner BM, eds. Brenner and Rector’s The Kidney. 8th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier; 2008:chap 29.

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