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Examen de glucemia - Risks

Nombres alternativos

Glucemia aleatoria; Nivel de glucemia (azúcar en la sangre); Glucemia en ayunas

Riesgos:

Las venas y las arterias varían de tamaño de un paciente otro y de un lado del cuerpo a otro, razón por la cual obtener una muestra de sangre de algunas personas puede resultar más difícil que de otras.

Otros riesgos asociados con la extracción de sangre son leves, pero pueden ser:

  • Sangrado excesivo
  • Desmayo o sensación de mareo
  • Hematoma (acumulación de sangre debajo de la piel)
  • Infección (un riesgo leve cada vez que se presenta ruptura de la piel)

Consideraciones:

Muchas formas de estrés intenso (por ejemplo, traumatismo, accidente cerebrovascular, ataque cardíaco y cirugía) pueden aumentar temporalmente los niveles de glucosa en la sangre.

Entre los fármacos que pueden aumentar las mediciones de la glucosa están los siguientes:

  • Antipsicóticos atípicos, especialmente olanzapina, quetiapina y risperidona
  • Betabloqueadores (como propanolol)
  • Corticosteroides
  • Dextrosa
  • Epinefrina
  • Estrógenos
  • Glucagón
  • Isoniazida
  • Litio
  • Anticonceptivos orales (píldoras anticonceptivas)
  • Fenotiazinas
  • Fenitoína
  • Salicilatos (ver sobredosis de ácido acetilsalicílico (aspirin))
  • Diuréticos tiazídicos
  • Triamtereno
  • Antidepresivos tricíclicos

Entre los fármacos que pueden disminuir las mediciones de glucosa están los siguientes:

  • Paracetamol
  • Alcohol
  • Esteroides anabólicos
  • Clofibrato
  • Disopiramida
  • Gemfibrozilo
  • Inhibidores de la monoaminoxidasa (IMAO)
  • Pentamidina
  • Sulfonilúreas (como glipizida, gliburida y glimepirida)
  • Reviewed last on: 5/22/2011
  • David C. Dugdale, III, MD, Professor of Medicine, Division of General Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.

Referencias

American Diabetes Association. Standards of medical care in diabetes -- 2011. Diabetes Care. 2011;32:S11-S61.

Inzucchi SE, Sherwin RS. Type 2 diabetes mellitus. In: Goldman L, Ausiello D, eds. Cecil Medicine. 23rd ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier; 2007:chap 248.

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