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Examen del ácido láctico - Overview

Nombres alternativos

Examen de lactato

Definición:

El ácido láctico se produce principalmente en las células musculares y en los glóbulos rojos. Dicho ácido se forma cuando el cuerpo descompone carbohidratos para utilizarlos como energía durante momentos de niveles bajos de oxígeno. El nivel de oxígeno en el cuerpo podría bajar durante el ejercicio intenso o si la persona tiene una infección o una enfermedad.

Se puede hacer un examen para medir la cantidad de ácido láctico en la sangre.

Forma en que se realiza el examen:

Se necesita una muestra de sangre. Para obtener información sobre la forma como se hace esto, ver el artículo: venopunción.

Preparación para el examen:

No se debe hacer ejercicio durante varias horas antes del examen, dado que éste puede causar un aumento temporal en los niveles de ácido láctico.

Lo que se siente durante el examen:

Cuando se inserta la aguja para extraer la sangre, algunas personas sienten un dolor moderado, mientras que otras sólo sienten un pinchazo o sensación de picadura. Después, puede haber una sensación pulsátil.

Razones por las que se realiza el examen:

Este examen se utiliza generalmente para diagnosticar acidosis láctica.

  • Reviewed last on: 6/1/2011
  • David C. Dugdale, III, MD, Professor of Medicine, Division of General Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.

Referencias

DuBose TD Jr. Disorders of acid-base balance. In: Brenner BM, ed. Brenner and Rector's The Kidney. 8th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier;2008:chap 14.

Seifter JL. Acid-base disorders. In: Goldman L, Ausiello D, eds. Cecil Medicine. 23rd ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier; 2007:chap 119.

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