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ELISA/ inmunotransferencia para VIH - Risks

Nombres alternativos

Pruebas para VIH

Riesgos:

Las venas y las arterias varían en tamaño de un paciente a otro y de un lado del cuerpo a otro; por esta razón, puede ser más difícil obtener una muestra de sangre de algunas personas que de otras.

Otros riesgos asociados con la extracción de sangre son leves, pero pueden ser:

Sangrado excesivo
Desmayo o sensación de mareo
Hematoma (acumulación de sangre debajo de la piel)
Infección (un riesgo leve cada vez que se presenta ruptura de la piel)

Consideraciones:

Las personas que están en alto riesgo (hombres homosexuales, usuarios de drogas inyectables y sus parejas sexuales, trabajadoras sexuales) deben someterse a pruebas regulares para VIH.

Si el médico sospecha de infección por VIH aguda y temprana, se necesitarán otras pruebas (como carga viral para VIH) para confirmar este diagnóstico, debido a que el ELISA/inmunotransferencia para VIH a menudo serán negativos durante este período de ventana inmunológica.

Examen de sangre

Reviewed last on: 6/9/2011
David C. Dugdale, III, MD, Professor of Medicine, Division of General Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine; Jatin M. Vyas, MD, PhD, Assistant Professor in Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Assistant in Medicine, Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.

Referencias

Dewar R, Goldstein D, Maldarelli F. Diagnosis of human immunodeficiency virus infection. In: Mandell GL, Bennett GE, Dolin R, eds. Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases. 7th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Elsevier Churchill Livingstone; 2009:chap 119.

Sax PE, Walker BD. Immunopathogenesis of human immunodeficiency infection. In: Goldman L, Ausiello D, eds. Cecil Medicine. 23rd ed. Philadelphia, PA: Saunders Elsevier; 2007:chap 408.

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