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Nivel de vitamina B12 - Risks

Cuáles son los riesgos:

La ruptura de algunos de los glóbulos rojos (hemólisis) en la muestra de sangre puede afectar los resultados del examen.

Extraer una muestra de sangre implica muy poco riesgo. Las venas y las arterias varían en tamaño de un paciente a otro y de un lado del cuerpo a otro, razón por la cual extraer sangre de algunas personas puede ser más difícil que de otras.

Otros riesgos asociados con la extracción de sangre son leves, pero pueden ser:

  • Sangrado excesivo
  • Desmayo o sensación de mareo
  • Hematoma (acumulación de sangre debajo de la piel)
  • Infección (un riesgo leve cada vez que se presenta ruptura de la piel)

Consideraciones especiales:

El médico generalmente tomará los niveles de folato en la sangre o en los glóbulos rojos cuando está comprobando la presencia de anemias megaloblásticas de cualquier tipo.

El examen de sangre para los niveles de vitamina B12 se ha vuelto mucho más preciso en los últimos años. Actualmente, hay menos resultados falsos normales, debido a que el examen mide sólo la vitamina B12 biológicamente activa.

Mediante el examen de Schilling se puede encontrar la causa de una deficiencia de vitamina B12.

  • Reviewed last on: 3/21/2010
  • Linda J. Vorvick, MD, Medical Director, MEDEX Northwest Division of Physician Assistant Studies, University of Washington, School of Medicine; James R. Mason, MD, Oncologist, Director, Blood and Marrow Transplantation Program and Stem Cell Processing Lab, Scripps Clinic, Torrey Pines, California.

Referencias

Mason JB. Vitamins, Trace Minerals, and Other Micronutrients. In: Goldman L, Ausiello D, eds. Cecil Medicine. 23rd ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier; 2007:chap 237.

Kumar N. Neurologic presentations of nutritional deficiencies. Neurol Clin. 2010 Feb;28(1):107-70.

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