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Análisis de sensibilidad - All Information

Nombres alternativos

Sensibilidad a los antibióticos

Definición:

Esta prueba determina la efectividad de la terapia con antibióticos contra microorganismos, como bacterias, que han sido aislados en los cultivos.

El análisis de la sensibilidad se puede llevar a cabo junto con:

Forma en que se realiza el examen:

Se combinan colonias de microorganismos con diferentes antibióticos para observar la forma como cada antibiótico inhibe el crecimiento del microorganismo. Con este examen, se determina la efectividad de cada antibiótico contra el organismo particular.

Preparación para el examen:

No se requiere ninguna preparación especial para este examen.

Lo que se siente durante el examen:

Lo que se siente durante el examen depende del método utilizado para obtener el cultivo específico.

Razones por las que se realiza el examen:

Este examen muestra cuáles medicamentos antibióticos se deben utilizar para tratar una infección.

Debido a que muchos organismos continúan mostrando resistencia a diversos antibióticos, las pruebas de sensibilidad se han vuelto cada vez más importantes. El médico puede comenzar administrándole un antibiótico a la persona, pero posteriormente cambia a otro debido a los resultados del análisis de sensibilidad.

Significado de los resultados anormales:

Si el microorganismo muestra "resistencia a los medicamentos" para los antibióticos utilizados en este examen, entonces ninguno de los mismos será un tratamiento efectivo.

Cuáles son los riesgos:

Los riesgos dependen del método utilizado en la obtención de la muestra específica para el cultivo.

  • Reviewed last on: 2/1/2011
  • Linda Vorvick, MD, Family Physician, Seattle Site Coordinator, Lecturer, Pathophysiology, MEDEX Northwest Division of Physician Assistant Studies, University of Washington School of Medicine. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.

Referencias

Smith MB, Woods GL. In vitro testing of antimicrobial agents. In: McPherson RA, Pincus MR, eds. Henry's Clinical Diagnosis and Management by Laboratory Methods. 21st ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier; 2006:chap 57.

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