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Cultivo de líquido cefalorraquídeo - Overview

Nombres alternativos

Cultivo de LCR; Cultivo del líquido espinal

Definición:

Es un examen de laboratorio que se realiza para buscar bacterias, hongos y virus en el líquido normalmente transparente que circula en el espacio que rodea la médula espinal.

Forma en que se realiza el examen:

Se necesita una muestra de líquido cefalorraquídeo (LCR), el cual generalmente se obtiene con una punción lumbar. Para obtener información sobre la forma como se lleva a cabo este procedimiento, ver el artículo: punción raquídea.

La muestra se envía a un laboratorio donde se coloca en un plato especial, llamado medio de cultivo. El personal del laboratorio vigila para ver si hay proliferación de bacterias, hongos o virus en el plato. La proliferación significa que hay una infección.

Preparación para el examen:

Para información sobre la forma de prepararse para el procedimiento de obtención de una muestra de líquido cefalorraquídeo, ver el artículo: punción raquídea.

Lo que se siente durante el examen:

Para obtener información sobre lo que se siente cuando se extrae una muestra de líquido cefalorraquídeo (LCR), ver el artículo: punción raquídea.

Razones por las que se realiza el examen:

El médico puede solicitar este examen si usted tiene signos de una infección que le afecta el cerebro o el sistema nervioso. El examen ayudará a identificar el origen de dicha infección. Esto le ayuda al médico a determinar el mejor tratamiento a seguir.

  • Reviewed last on: 8/14/2010
  • David C. Dugdale, III, MD, Professor of Medicine, Division of General Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.

Referencias

Griggs RC, Jozefowicz RF, Aminoff MJ. Approach to the patient with neurologic disease. In: Goldman L, Ausiello D, eds. Cecil Medicine. 23rd ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier;2007:chap 418.

Swartz MN. Meningitis: bacterial, viral, and other. In: Goldman L, Ausiello D, eds. Cecil Medicine. 23rd ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier;2007:chap 437.

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