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Pielografía intravenosa - Risks

Nombres alternativos

PIV; Pielograma intravenoso; Urografía excretora

Cuáles son los riesgos:

Existe la posibilidad de sufrir una reacción alérgica al medio de contraste, incluso si uno ha recibido medios de contraste en el pasado sin ningún problema. Si tiene una alergia conocida al medio de contraste a base de yodo, se debe llevar a cabo un examen alterno. Las alternativas abarcan pieloureterografía retrógrada, resonancia magnética o ecografía.

Hay una baja exposición a la radiación. Los rayos X se controlan y regulan para suministrar la mínima cantidad de exposición a la radiación necesaria para producir la imagen. La mayoría de los expertos considera que el riesgo es bajo comparado con los beneficios.

Las mujeres embarazadas y los niños son más sensibles a los riesgos de la radiación.

Consideraciones especiales:

La tomografía computarizada (TC) ha reemplazado la PIV como herramienta principal para la evaluación del aparato urinario. La tomografía tarda menos tiempo en realizarse y brinda vistas adicionales del abdomen, lo cual puede ayudar a descartar otras posibles razones para los síntomas del paciente. La resonancia magnética (RM) también se utiliza para examinar los riñones, los uréteres y la vejiga.

  • Reviewed last on: 10/11/2010
  • Louis S. Liou, MD, PhD, Chief of Urology, Cambridge Health Alliance, Visiting Assistant Professor of Surgery, Harvard Medical School. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.

Referencias

Bhayani SB, Siegel CL. Urinary tract imaging: Basic principles. In: Wein AJ, ed. Campbell-Walsh Urology. 9th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier; 2007:chap 4.

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