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Examen de difusión pulmonar - Overview

Nombres alternativos

Capacidad de difusión; Prueba DLCO

Definición:

Es una prueba que mide qué tan bien se hace el intercambio gaseoso en los pulmones. Esto es una parte importante de la evaluación pulmonar, debido a que la principal función de los pulmones es dejar que el oxígeno se "difunda" o pase hacia la sangre desde los pulmones y permitir que el monóxido de carbono se difunda desde la sangre hacia los pulmones.

Forma en que se realiza el examen:

Usted inspira (inhala) aire que contiene una cantidad muy pequeña de un gas trazador, como el monóxido de carbono. Contiene la respiración durante 10 segundos y luego lo expulsa (exhala) rápidamente. Se analiza el gas exhalado para determinar cuánta cantidad del gas trazador se absorbió durante la respiración.

Preparación para el examen:

  • No ingiera una comida pesada antes del examen.
  • No fume durante 4 a 6 horas antes del examen.
  • Si utiliza medicamentos broncodilatadores o inhalables, pregúntele al médico si los puede o no usar antes del examen.

Lo que se siente durante el examen:

La boquilla se ajusta herméticamente alrededor de la boca y se colocan pinzas o sujetadores en la nariz. 

Razones por las que se realiza el examen:

El examen se utiliza para diagnosticar ciertas enfermedades pulmonares, y en personas con enfermedad pulmonar establecida. La medición repetitiva de la capacidad de difusión puede ayudar a determinar si la enfermedad está mejorando o empeorando.

  • Reviewed last on: 10/14/2009
  • Andrew Schriber, MD, FCCP, Specialist in Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Virtua Memorial Hospital, Mount Holly, New Jersey. Review provided by VeriMed Healthcare Network. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.

Referencias

Reynolds HY. Respiratory structure and function: mechanisms and testing. In: Goldman L, Ausiello D, eds. Cecil Medicine. 23rd ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier; 2007:chap 85.

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