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Broncoscopia con biopsia transbronquial - Risks

Nombres alternativos

Biopsia de pulmón con broncoscopio

Cuáles son los riesgos:

Un pulmón hinchado o neumotórax ocurre en un número muy pequeño de biopsias transbronquiales. Generalmente se toman radiografías del tórax, a menos que el neumotórax sea tan grande que requiera la inserción de una sonda pleural para expandir (descomprimir) el pulmón. En casos excepcionales, esto puede ser potencialmente mortal si el aire escapa del pulmón, queda atrapado en el tórax y presiona (comprime) los pulmones y el corazón.

Cada vez que se tome una biopsia, existe el riesgo de sangrado en exceso (hemorragia). Es común que se presente algo de sangrado, pero el médico vigilará la cantidad de éste. En casos muy poco frecuentes, se puede presentar sangrado profuso y potencialmente mortal.

Es posible que se presente infección pulmonar luego de cualquier broncoscopia.

También hay algún pequeño riesgo de:

Si se utiliza anestesia general, hay algo de riesgo de:

Si uno come o bebe algo, incluyendo agua, antes de que pase el efecto de la anestesia, hay un riesgo considerable de ahogarse.

Consideraciones especiales:

Para probar si ha retornado el reflejo nauseoso, coloque una cuchara en la parte posterior de la lengua durante unos pocos segundos con una ligera presión; si no se presentan náuseas, espere 15 minutos e inténtelo de nuevo.

No utilice objetos pequeños ni punzantes para probar el reflejo nauseoso. Consulte con el médico o acuda de inmediato a una sala de urgencias si presenta dificultad respiratoria o dolor torácico después de este procedimiento.

  • Reviewed last on: 9/13/2008
  • Benjamin Medoff, MD, Assistant Professor of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Pulmonary and Critical Care Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.

Referencias

Prakash, UBS. Bronchoscopy. In: Mason RJ, Murray JF, Broaddus VC, Nadel JA, eds. Murray & Nadel's Textbook of Respiratory Medicine. 4th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier; 2005:chap 22.

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