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Examen de sangre oculta en heces - Risks

Nombres alternativos

Examen de sangre oculta en material fecal

Cuáles son los riesgos:

Un resultado negativo no significa necesariamente que no haya enfermedades colorrectales presentes, porque no todos los pólipos sangran ni todos los pólipos sangran todo el tiempo. Por esta razón, el examen de sangre oculta en heces tiene que utilizarse en combinación con otros exámenes de detección más invasivos, como una sigmoidoscopia, una colonoscopia o un enema opaco de doble contraste.

Consideraciones especiales:

Generalmente, se recomienda la colonoscopia como el examen de seguimiento preferido para un examen de sangre oculta en heces positivo.

Los factores que pueden hacer disminuir la precisión de este examen abarcan los siguientes:

  • Encías sangrantes después de un procedimiento dental
  • Comer carnes rojas en los tres días previos al examen
  • Comer nabos o rábano picante

Entre los medicamentos que pueden causar hemorragia digestiva se encuentran los anticoagulantes, la ácido acetilsalicílico (aspirin), la colchicina, los suplementos de hierro en dosis grandes, los AINES (analgésicos antiinflamatorios no esteroides) y los corticosteroides.

Entre los medicamentos que pueden causar resultados falsos positivos se encuentran la colchicina, el hierro, las drogas oxidantes (por ejemplo, el yodo, los bromuros y ácido bórico) y la reserpina.

La vitamina C en grandes cantidades puede causar resultados falsos negativos en la mayoría de los exámenes de sangre oculta en heces.

En general, no se recomienda evitar los alimentos, con excepción de la carne roja como se describió anteriormente.

  • Reviewed last on: 3/8/2008
  • Christian Stone, MD, Division of Gastroenterology, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO. Review provided by VeriMed Healthcare Network. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.

Referencias

Atkins D. The periodic health examination. In: Goldman L, Ausiello D, eds. Cecil Medicine. 23rd ed. Philadelphia, PA: Saunders Elsevier; 2008:chap 13.
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