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Virus del Nilo Occidental - Symptom

Síntomas:

La enfermedad leve, generalmente llamada fiebre del Nilo Occidental, puede causar algunos o todos los síntomas siguientes:

  • Dolor abdominal
  • Diarrea
  • Fiebre
  • Dolor de cabeza
  • Inapetencia
  • Dolores musculares
  • Náuseas
  • Salpullido
  • Dolor de garganta
  • Inflamación de ganglios linfáticos
  • Vómitos

Estos síntomas generalmente duran de 3 a 6 días.

Las formas más graves de la enfermedad, que son potencialmente mortales, se pueden denominar encefalitis o meningitis del Nilo occidental, dependiendo de qué parte del cuerpo esté afectada. Se pueden presentar los siguientes síntomas y necesitan atención oportuna.

Signos y exámenes:

Los signos de la infección por el virus del Nilo Occidental son similares a los de otras infecciones virales. Es posible que no haya hallazgos específicos en un examen físico; sin embargo, hasta la mitad de los pacientes puede tener una erupción.

Los exámenes para diagnosticar este virus abarcan:

La forma más precisa de diagnosticar esta infección es con un examen de serología, en el cual se examina una muestra de sangre o líquido cefalorraquídeo en busca de anticuerpos contra el virus. Se pueden usar técnicas más rápidas empleando la reacción en cadena de la polimerasa (RCP).

  • Reviewed last on: 9/15/2010
  • David C. Dugdale, III, MD, Professor of Medicine, Division of General Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine; Jatin M. Vyas, MD, PhD, Assistant Professor in Medicine, Harvard Medical School; Assistant in Medicine, Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.

Referencias

Naides SJ. Arthropod-borne viruses causing fever and rash syndromes. In: Goldman L, Ausiello D, eds. Cecil Medicine. 23rd ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier; 2007:chap 405.

Bleck TP. Arthropod-borne viruses affecting the central nervous system. In: Goldman L, Ausiello D, eds. Cecil Medicine. 23rd ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier; 2007:chap 406.

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