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Abuso sexual de niños - Overview

Nombres alternativos

Abuso sexual infantil

Definición:

El abuso sexual de niños es la exposición deliberada de niños menores a la actividad sexual. Esto significa que el niño es forzado o persuadido por otra persona al sexo o a las actividades sexuales. Este abuso incluye:

  • Sexo oral
  • Pornografía
  • Tener relaciones sexuales
  • Tocar (acariciar)

Causas:

La sociedad era renuente a hacerle frente al abuso sexual infantil hace algunas décadas. En la actualidad, se considera un asunto serio.

Es difícil determinar qué tan común es el abuso sexual de niños, dado que es más secreto que el maltrato físico. Con frecuencia, los niños temen comentarle a alguien el hecho y muchos casos de abuso no se denuncian.

Los abusadores generalmente son hombres que con frecuencia conocen a la persona de la que están abusando. Dado que el abusador viola la confianza de la persona más joven, esto hace que el abuso sexual sea aún más devastador.

El abuso sexual de niños ocurre en todas las clases socioeconómicas y tiene el mismo tipo de factores de riesgo que el maltrato físico infantil, incluyendo:

  • Consumo excesivo de alcohol y drogas
  • Problemas familiares
  • Pobreza

Los abusadores con frecuencia tienen antecedentes como víctimas de maltrato físico o abuso sexual.

Un pequeño grupo de abusadores repetitivos sufre del trastorno psiquiátrico llamado pedofilia, en el cual el contacto sexual preferido es con niños.

  • Reviewed last on: 1/24/2011
  • Neil K. Kaneshiro, MD, MHA, Clinical Assistant Professor of Pediatrics, University of Washington School of Medicine. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.

Referencias

Johnson CF. Abuse and neglect of children. In: Kliegman RM, Behrman RE, Jenson HB, Stanton BF, eds. Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics. 18th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier;2007:chap 36.

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