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Taquipnea transitoria en recién nacidos - Overview

Nombres alternativos

TTN; Pulmones húmedos en los recién nacidos; Retención de líquido pulmonar fetal; SDR transitorio

Definición:

La taquipnea transitoria es un trastorno respiratorio que generalmente se observa poco después del parto en bebés que nacen cerca del término o a término.

  • Transitorio significa que dura poco (generalmente menos de 24 horas).
  • Taquipnea significa respiración rápida (la mayoría de los recién nacidos normales toman de 40 a 60 respiraciones por minuto).

Causas, incidencia y factores de riesgo:

A medida que el bebé crece en el útero, los pulmones producen un líquido especial que los llena y los ayuda a crecer. Cuando el bebé nace a término, los químicos secretados durante el parto le ordenan a los pulmones suspender la producción de este líquido especial. Los pulmones del bebé comienzan a removerlo o reabsorberlo.

Las primeras respiraciones que el bebé toma después del parto llenan los pulmones con aire y ayudan a eliminar la mayor parte del líquido pulmonar restante.

El líquido restante en los pulmones provoca que el bebé respire rápidamente y le dificulta mantener abiertos los pequeños alvéolos pulmonares.

Es más probable que la taquipnea transitoria ocurra en bebés:

  • Nacidos antes de las 38 semanas de gestación
  • Sacados por cesárea
  • Cuyas madres tengan diabetes
  • Reviewed last on: 12/18/2009
  • A.D.A.M. Editorial Team: David Zieve, MD, MHA, and David R. Eltz. Previously reviewed by Kimberly G Lee, MD, MSc, IBCLC, Associate Professor of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC. Review provided by VeriMed Healthcare Network (12/18/2009).

Referencias

Dudell GG, Stoll BJ. Respiratory tract disorders. In: Kliegman RM, Behrman RE, Jenson HB, Stanton BF, eds. Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics. 18th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier; 2007:chap 101.

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