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Hiperhidrosis - Overview

Nombres alternativos

Sudoración excesiva; Transpiración excesiva; Diaforesis

Definición:

Es una afección médica por la cual una persona suda excesivamente y de manera impredecible. Las personas con hiperhidrosis pueden sudar incluso cuando la temperatura está fresca o cuando están en reposo.

Causas:

La sudoración ayuda al cuerpo a permanecer fresco y, en la mayoría de los casos, es perfectamente natural. Las personas sudan más en temperaturas cálidas, cuando hacen ejercicio o en respuesta a situaciones que las hacen poner nerviosas, furiosas, avergonzadas o temerosas.


Sudoración

Sin embargo, la sudoración excesiva ocurre sin que se presenten tales desencadenantes. Las personas con hiperhidrosis parecen tener glándulas sudoríparas bastante activas. La sudoración incontrolable puede llevar a que se presente molestia significativa, tanto a nivel físico como emocional.

Cuando la sudoración excesiva afecta las manos, los pies y las axilas, se denomina hiperhidrosis primaria o focal y afecta del 2 al 3% de la población, aunque menos del 40% de los pacientes con dicha afección busca asesoría médica. En la mayoría de los casos de hiperhidrosis primaria, no se puede encontrar la causa, y es un padecimiento que parece darse en familias.

Si la sudoración ocurre como resultado de otra afección médica, se denomina hiperhidrosis secundaria. La transpiración puede darse en todo el cuerpo o puede estar localizada en un área. Las afecciones que causan hiperhidrosis secundaria abarcan:

  • Reviewed last on: 5/13/2011
  • Kevin Berman, MD, PhD, Atlanta Center for Dermatologic Disease, Atlanta, GA. Review provided by VeriMed Healthcare Network. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.

Referencias

Boley TM, Belangee KN, Markwell S, Hazelrigg SR. The Effect of Thoracoscopic Sympathectomy on Quality of Life and Symptom Management of Hyperhidrosis. Journal of the American College of Surgeons. March 2007;204(3).

Reisfeld R, Berliner KI. Evidence-based review of the nonsurgical management of hyperhidrosis. Thorac Surg Clin. 2008 May;18(2):157-66. Review.

Hornberger J, Grimes K et al. Recognition, diagnosis and treatment of primary focal hyperhidrosis. J Am Acad Dermatol 2004; 51: 274-86

Lowe NJ, Glaser DA, Eadie N, et al. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2007 Apr;56(4):604-11. Epub 2007 Feb 15.Botulinum toxin type A in the treatment of primary axillary hyperhidrosis: a 52-week multicenter double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study of efficacy and safety.

Solish N, Benohanian A, Kowalski JW. Prospective open-label study of botulinum toxin type A in patients with axillary hyperhidrosis: effects on functional impairment and quality of life. Dermatol Surg. 2005 Apr;31(4):405-13.

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