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Cáncer de paratiroides

Definición:

Es un tumor maligno  (canceroso) en una glándula paratiroidea.

Nombres alternativos:

Carcinoma paratiroideo

Causas, incidencia y factores de riesgo:

Las glándulas paratiroides, localizadas en la base del cuello, son responsables de controlar el calcio en el cuerpo y son cuatro, dos a cada lado de la glándula tiroides.

El cáncer de paratiroides es un tipo de cáncer extremadamente raro, afecta a hombres y mujeres por igual y generalmente ocurre en personas mayores de 30 años.

La causa de este tipo de cáncer se desconoce. Las personas que padecen neoplasia endocrina múltiple tipo I  presentan un riesgo mayor para esta enfermedad, al igual que las personas que se hayan sometido a radiación en cabeza o cuello. Sin embargo, dicha exposición a la radiación con más frecuencia está relacionada con el cáncer de tiroides.

El cáncer de paratiroides es de crecimiento lento y, además, es extremadamente difícil de diagnosticar.

Referencias:

Phillip K. Pellitteri PK, Sofferman RA, Randolph GW. Surgical Management of Parathyroid Disorders. In: Cummings CW, Flint PW, Haughey BH, et al. (eds). Otolaryngology Head & Neck Surgery, 4th ed . Philadelphia, Pa: Mosby; 2005

Weigel RJ, Macdonald JS, Haller D, McDougall IR. Cancer of the Endocrine System. In: Abeloff MD, Armitage JO, Niederhuber JE, et al. (eds). Clinical Oncology, 3rd ed . Philadelphia, Pa: Chrchill Livingston; 2004.

National Cancer Institute. Parathyroid Cancer: Treatment. In: Physician Data Query. Available online at http://www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/pdq/treatment/parathyroid. Last accessed on 23 April, 2006.

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