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Nódulo tiroideo - Overview

Nombres alternativos

Tumor tiroideo o tumor de la tiroides; Adenoma de tiroides; Carcinoma de tiroides; Incidentaloma de tiroides

Definición:

Es una neoplasia (protuberancia) en la glándula tiroides, la cual está localizada en la base del cuello.

Causas:

Los nódulos tiroideos son neoplasias de células en las glándulas tiroideas y pueden ser no cancerosas (benignas) o cancerosas ( malignas). Algunos nódulos están llenos de líquidos (quistes), mientras que otros se componen completamente de células de la glándula tiroidea. Algunas veces, lo que se siente como un nódulo realmente es una colección de pequeños nódulos juntos.

Los nódulos tiroideos son más comunes en las mujeres que en los hombres y las posibilidades de desarrollarlos se incrementan con la edad.

Sólo unos pocos nódulos tiroideos son cancerosos. (Ver: cáncer de tiroides.)

Las siguientes características incrementan el riesgo de desarrollar un nódulo canceroso:

No siempre se encuentran las causas de los nódulos tiroideos, pero pueden abarcar:

  • Reviewed last on: 4/19/2010
  • Ari S. Eckman, MD, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD. Review provided by VeriMed Healthcare Network. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.

Referencias

Gharib H, Papini E, Valcavi R, et al.; AACE/AME Task Force on Thyroid Nodules. American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists and Associazione Medici Endocrinologi medical guidelines for clinical practice for the diagnosis and management of thyroid nodules. Endocr Pract. 2006;12:63-102.

Schlumberger MJ, Filetti S, Hay ID. Nontoxic Diffuse and Nodular Goiter and Thyroid Neoplasia. In: Kronenberg HM, Melmed S, Polonsky KS, Larsen PR, eds. Williams Textbook of Endocrinology. 11th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier; 2008:chap 13.

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