Síndrome metabólico - Treatment

Nombres alternativos

Síndrome de resistencia a la insulina; Síndrome X

Tratamiento:

El objetivo del tratamiento es reducir el riesgo de cardiopatía y diabetes. El médico recomendará cambios en el estilo de vida o medicamentos para ayudar a reducir la presión arterial, el colesterol LDL y el azúcar en la sangre.

Las recomendaciones abarcan:

Bajar de peso. La meta es perder entre 7 y 10% del peso actual. Usted probablemente necesitará comer de 500 a 1,000 calorías menos por día.
Hacer 30 minutos de ejercicio de intensidad moderada, como caminar, de 5 a 7 días por semana.
Bajar el colesterol por medio de la pérdida de peso, el ejercicio y los hipocolesterolemiantes, de ser necesario.
Bajar la presión arterial usando la pérdida de peso, el ejercicio y medicamentos, de ser necesario.

Algunas personas posiblemente necesiten tomar ácido acetilsalicílico (aspirin) diariamente en dosis bajas.

Los fumadores deben dejar de fumar.

Pronóstico:

Las personas con el síndrome metabólico tienen un mayor riesgo a largo plazo de desarrollar enfermedad cardiovascular y diabetes tipo 2.

Posibles complicaciones:

Ateroesclerosis
Diabetes
Ataque cardíaco
Enfermedad renal
Hepatopatía grasa no alcohólica
Arteriopatía periférica
Accidente cerebrovascular

Cuándo contactar a un profesional médico:

Consulte con el médico si tiene signos o síntomas de esta afección.

Reviewed last on: 6/28/2011
Ari S. Eckman, MD, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Trinitas Regional Medical Center, Elizabeth, NJ. Review provided by VeriMed Healthcare Network. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.

Referencias

Mahley RW, Weisgraber KH, Bersot TP. Disorders of Lipid Metabolism. In: Kronenberg HM, Melmed S, Polonsky KS, Larsen PR, eds. Williams Textbook of Endocrinology. 11th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier; 2008:chap 36.

Alberti KG, Eckel RH, Grundy SM, Zimmet PZ, Cleeman JI, Donato KA, et al. Harmonizing the metabolic syndrome: a joint interim statement of the International Diabetes Federation Task Force on Epidemiology and Prevention: National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute; American Heart Association; World Heart Federation; International Atherosclerosis Society; and International Association for the Study of Obesity. Circulation. 2009;120:1640-1645.

Rosenzweig JL, Ferrannini E, Grundy SM, Haffner Sm, Heine RJ, Horton ES, et al. Primary prevention of cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes in patients at metabolic risk: an Endocrine Society clinical practice guideline. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2008; 93:3671-3689.

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