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Anillo vascular - Symptom

Nombres alternativos

Arco aórtico derecho con subclavia y ligamento izquierdo anómalos

Síntomas:

Algunos niños con un anillo vascular nunca manifestarán síntomas. Sin embargo, en la mayoría de los casos, se observan síntomas durante la lactancia. La presión sobre la tráquea y el esófago puede llevar a problemas respiratorios y digestivos. Cuanta más presión ejerza el anillo, más graves serán los síntomas.

Los problemas respiratorios pueden abarcar:

  • Tos chillona
  • Respiración ruidosa (estridor)
  • Neumonías o infecciones respiratorias repetitivas
  • Dificultad respiratoria
  • Sibilancias

El hecho de comer puede empeorar los síntomas respiratorios.

Los síntomas digestivos son poco comunes, pero pueden abarcar:

  • Asfixia
  • Dificultad para ingerir alimentos sólidos
  • Dificultad para deglutir (disfagia)
  • Reflujo gastroesofágico (ERGE)
  • Lactancia materna o alimentación con biberón lentas
  • Vómitos

Signos y exámenes:

El médico escuchará la respiración del bebé para descartar otros trastornos respiratorios como el asma. La auscultación del corazón del niño a través de un estetoscopio puede ayudar a identificar soplos y otros problemas cardíacos.

Los siguientes exámenes pueden ayudar a diagnosticar un anillo vascular:

  • Radiografía de tórax
  • Tomografía computarizada (TC) del corazón
  • Cámara garganta abajo para examinar las vías respiratorias (broncoscopia)
  • Resonancia magnética (RM) del corazón
  • Ecografía (ecocardiografía) de corazón
  • Radiografía de los vasos sanguíneos (angiografía)
  • Radiografía del esófago empleando un tinte especial para resaltar mejor el área (esofagograma o esofagografía)
  • Reviewed last on: 2/5/2010
  • Kurt R. Schumacher, MD, Pediatric Cardiology, University of Michigan Congenital Heart Center, Ann Arbor, MI. Review provided by VeriMed Healthcare Network. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.

Referencias

Other congenital heart and vascular malformations. In: Kliegman RM, Behrman RE, Jenson HB, Stanton BF, eds. Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics. 18th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier; 2007chap 432.

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