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Hipertensión arterial en bebés - Symptom

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Hipertensión en bebés

Síntomas:

La mayoría de los bebés con hipertensión arterial no tendrá síntomas. En lugar de esto, los síntomas pueden estar relacionados con la afección que causa la hipertensión arterial. Estos síntomas pueden abarcar:

  • Piel azulada
  • Insuficiencia para crecer y aumentar de peso
  • Infecciones urinarias frecuentes
  • Piel pálida (palidez)
  • Respiración rápida

Los síntomas pueden aparecer si el bebé tiene presión arterial muy alta y abarcan:

  • Irritabilidad
  • Convulsiones
  • Problemas para respirar
  • Vómitos

Signos y exámenes:

Normalmente, el único signo de hipertensión arterial es la misma medición de la presión arterial.

Los signos de presión arterial muy alta abarcan:

  • Insuficiencia cardíaca
  • Insuficiencia renal
  • Pulso rápido

La presión arterial en los bebés se mide con un dispositivo automático.

Si la coartación aórtica es la causa, puede haber disminución de los pulsos en las piernas. Se puede oír un clic si una válvula aórtica bicúspide se presenta con la coartación.

Otros exámenes en los bebés con hipertensión arterial intentarán encontrar la causa del problema. Tales exámenes pueden abarcar:

  • Un tipo especial de radiografía que usa un tinte para examinar los vasos sanguíneos (angiografía)
  • Pruebas de laboratorio, incluyendo exámenes de sangre y orina
  • Radiografías del tórax o abdomen
  • Ecografías, incluyendo una ecografía del corazón en funcionamiento (ecocardiografía) y de los riñones
  • Uso de imanes para crear imágenes del corazón y los grandes vasos (IRM)
  • Reviewed last on: 7/14/2010
  • David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc., and Neil K. Kaneshiro, MD, MHA, Clinical Assistant Professor of Pediatrics, University of Washington School of Medicine.

Referencias

Bernstein D. Systemic hypertension. In: Kliegman RM, Behrman RE, Jenson HB, Stanton BF, eds. Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics. 18th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier; 2007:chap 445.

Update on the 1987 Task Force Report on High Blood Pressure in Children and Adolescents: a working group report from the National High Blood Pressure Education Program. National High Blood Pressure Education Program Working Group on Hypertension Control in Children and Adolescents. Pediatrics. 1996 Nov;98(5):1002.

Robertson J, Shilkofski N, eds. Johns Hopkins: The Harriet Lane Handbook: A Manual for Pediatric House Officers, 17th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Mosby; 2005.

Park MK. Park: Pediatric Cardiology for Practitioners, 5th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Mosby Elsevier; 2008.

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