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Aborto médico - Overview

Nombres alternativos

Aborto médico terapéutico; Aborto médico provocado; Aborto provocado; Aborto no quirúrgico

Definición:

Es el uso de ciertos medicamentos para terminar un embarazo. Los fármacos ayudan a eliminar el feto y la placenta de la matriz (útero) de la madre.

Hay diferentes tipos de aborto médico.

Algunas veces, una mujer se somete a este tratamiento por razones de salud y se denomina aborto médico terapéutico.

Otras veces, ella opta por (decide) terminar el embarazo, lo cual se denomina aborto médico provocado.

Ver también:

Descripción:

Un aborto médico, o no quirúrgico, se puede hacer dentro de las 7 semanas desde el primer día del último período menstrual de la mujer. Se utiliza una combinación de medicamentos hormonales recetados para ayudar al cuerpo a expulsar el feto y el tejido de la placenta. El médico puede darle medicamentos después de llevar a cabo un examen físico y hacerle preguntas respecto a su historia clínica.

Los medicamentos usados para terminar un embarazo precoz abarcan mifepristona, metotrexato, misoprostol, prostaglandinas o una combinación de estos medicamentos.

Por qué se realiza el procedimiento:

Hay varias razones por las cuales se podría considerar la posibilidad de un aborto médico:

  • El feto tiene una anomalía congénita o un problema genético
  • El embarazo es dañino para la salud de la mujer (aborto terapéutico)
  • El embarazo se dio a consecuencia de un evento traumático como una violación o incesto
  • La mujer posiblemente no desea estar embarazada (aborto provocado)
  • Reviewed last on: 11/21/2010
  • Linda J. Vorvick, MD, Medical Director, MEDEX Northwest Division of Physician Assistant Studies, University of Washington, School of Medicine; Susan Storck, MD, FACOG, Chief, Eastside Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Group Health Cooperative of Puget Sound, Redmond, Washington; Clinical Teaching Faculty, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Washington School of Medicine. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.

Referencias

ACOG. Clinical management guidelines of obstetrician-gynecologists. Medical management of abortion. Obstet Gynecol. 2005 Oct;106(4):871-82.

Mischell DR. Family planning: contraception, sterilization, and pregnancy termination. In: Katz VL, Lentz GM, Lobo RA, Gershenson DM, eds. Comprehensive Gynecology. 5th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Mosby Elsevier; 2007:chap 14.

Simpson JL, Jauniaux ERM. Pregnancy loss. In: Gabbe SG, Niebyl JR, Simpson JL, eds. Obstetrics: Normal and Problem Pregnancies. 5th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Elsevier Churchill Livingstone; 2007:chap 24.

Annas GJ, Elias S. Legal and ethical issues in obstetric practice. In: Gabbe SG, Niebyl JR, Simpson JL, eds. Obstetrics: Normal and Problem Pregnancies. 5th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Elsevier Churchill Livingstone; 2007:chap 51.

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