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Las causas más comunes de obstrucción intestinal en adultos son adherencias, hernias y cáncer de colon. Las adherencias son cicatrices que se forman entre las asas intestinales, causadas, normalmente, por una cirugía anterior que ha ocasionado la formación de la cicatriz. Las hernias son áreas débiles en la pared abdominal a través de las cuales secciones del intestino pueden invaginarse y quedar atrapadas. El cáncer de colon es una de las formas más comunes de cáncer. Aunque cada causa de obstrucción intestinal requiere un tratamiento diferente, todas las obstrucciones intestinales implican un riesgo potencialmente mortal.

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