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• Introduction
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Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Description

An in-depth report on the causes, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of COPD -- emphysema and/or chronic bronchitis.

Alternative Names

COPD; Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency; Bronchitis - chronic; Chronic bronchitis; Emphysema

References

Chronic Obstructive Airway Disorders. In: Beers MH and Berkow R. (eds). The Merck Manual of Diagnosis and Therapy , 17th ed. (online). Available at: http://www.merck.com/mrkshared/mmanual/section6/chapter68/68c.jsp. Last accessed on 22 April, 2006.

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. National Center for Health Statistics. Report of Final Mortality Statistics. 2002.

National Heart Lung and Blood Institute. Morbidity and Mortality Chartbook. 2004.

Tillie-Leblond I, Marquette CH, Perez T, et al. Pulmonary embolism in patients with unexplained exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: prevalence and risk factors. Ann Intern Med . 2006 Mar 21;144(6):390-6.

Pitta F, Troosters T, Probst VS, et al. Physical activity and hospitalization for exacerbation of COPD. Chest . 2006 Mar;129(3):536-44.

National Center for Health Statistics. Raw Data from the National Health Interview Survey, U.S., 2002. Quoted in: American Lung Association. Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Fact Sheet. Available at:http://www.lungusa.org/site/pp.asp?c=dvLUK9O0E&b=35020#five. Last Accessed: 22 April, 2006.

Carroll P. Pulse Oximetry – In context. RN . September 1, 2003;66.

Littner M. “Management of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.” In: Rakel RE and Bope ET, eds. CONN’S Current Therapy 2005, 57th ed. Philadelphia, Penn.: Elsevier Saunders; 2005.

Barnes NC, Qiu YS, Pavord ID, et al. Antiinflammatory effects of salmeterol/fluticasone propionate in chronic obstructive lung disease. Am J Respir Crit Care Med . 2006 Apr 1;173(7):736-43.

US Food and Drug Administration. Product Safety Alerts: Tequin (gatifloxacin). Created: February 15, 2006. Available on: http://www.fda.gov/medwatch/safety/2006/safety06.htm#chronological. Accessed on February 21, 2006. Bristol-Myers Squibb. “Dear Healthcare Provider.” February 15, 2006. Available on: http://www.fda.gov/medwatch/safety/2006/tequin_DHCP.pdf. Accessed on: February 21, 2006.

US Food and Drug Administration. FDA Public Health Advisory: Ketek (telithromycin) Tablets. Created: January 20, 2006. Available on: http://www.fda.gov/cder/drug/advisory/telithromycin.htm. Accessed on February 21, 2006.

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. CA-MRSA Information for Clinicians. Available at: http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dhqp/ar_mrsa_ca_clinicians.html#4. Accessed on February 22, 2006.

Ketek prescribing information. Available on: http://products.sanofi-aventis.us/ketek/ketek.html#Indications%20and%20Usage. Last accessed on 22 April 2006.

Pfizer Pharmaceuticals. Revatio prescribing information. Available at: http://www.pfizer.com/pfizer/download/uspi_revatio.pdf. Last accessed 22 April, 2006.

Matsuyama w, Mitsuyama H, Watanabe M, et al. Effects of Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids on Inflammatory Markers in COPD. Chest 2005;128:3817-3827.

United Network for Organ Sharing. “Additional Resources Available on New Lung Allocation Policy Change.” Release date: 29 November 2004. Available at: http://www.unos.org/news/newsDetail.asp?id=377. Last accessed: 19 April 2006.

United Network for Organ Sharing. “Organ Distribution: Allocation of Thoracic Organs.” Rev. 18 November, 2005. Available at: http://www.unos.org/PoliciesandBylaws2/policies/pdfs/policy_9.pdf. Last Accessed: 19 April 2006.

• Review Date: 4/28/2006
• Reviewed By: Harvey Simon, M.D., Editor-in-Chief, Associate Professor of Medicine, Harvard Medical School; Physician, Massachusetts General Hospital

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