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• Introduction
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• Risk Factors
• Prognosis
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• Managing Scoliosis
• Braces
• Surgery
• Treatment for Adult Scoliosis
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Scoliosis

Description

An in-depth report on the causes, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of scoliosis.

Highlights

Bone Density

Adolescent girls with scoliosis often have low bone mineral density (osteopenia), a condition that can later develop into osteoporosis. The amount of bone loss may predict curve progression and severity. Patients with lower bone density have a greater risk for more severe curvature. Some experts now recommend that patients undergo screening for osteopenia as soon as they are diagnosed with scoliosis.

Lung Function

Serious breathing complications can develop after scoliosis surgery. A study in Spine indicates that patients are at risk for dangerous lung problems for up to a week after surgery. It may take another 1 to 2 months for lung function to return to normal.

Bone Graft Substitutes

Scientists have developed a human bone protein substance that can be used in place of bone grafts during spine surgery. The protein helps stimulate the body to grow bone. Preliminary research for scoliosis surgery has been promising. Bone graft substitutes are currently approved only for adults.

Dual Growing Rods

A procedure called the growing rod technique is an alternative to spinal fusion surgery for very young children in whom bracing has not worked. During a series of surgeries, the rod is extended to allow the child’s spine to grow. Some surgeons insert one rod while others prefer two rods. Recent studies suggest that dual rods may be stronger than single rods and provide better stability and spine correction.

Organ Transplants and Scoliosis

Children who receive solid organ transplants are at increased risk of developing scoliosis, according to a 2006 study. Researchers tracked children who had received heart, kidney, or liver transplants. Scoliosis developed in 52% of heart transplant recipients, 18% of kidney recipients, and 14% of liver recipients. The researchers recommend that children who receive an organ transplant should see an orthopedic surgeon for early diagnosis of scoliosis.

• Review Date: 4/19/2006
• Reviewed By: Harvey Simon, M.D., Editor-in-Chief, Associate Professor of Medicine, Harvard Medical School; Physician, Massachusetts General Hospital

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