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• Highlights
• Introduction
• Risk Factors
• Causes
• Complications of Bulimia
• Complications of Anorexia
• Symptoms
• Diagnosis
• Treatment
• Treatment for Bulimia
• Treatment for Anorexia
• Therapy
• Resources
• References

Eating disorders

Description

An in-depth report on the treatment and prevention of eating disorders.

Alternative Names

Anorexia; Bulimia; Binge eating

Treatment

The first major difficulty in treating eating disorders is resistance by everyone involved:

• The anorexic patient often believes that the emaciation is normal and even attractive.
• The bulimic patient may feel that purging is the only way to prevent obesity.
• Even worse, the anorexic condition may be encouraged by friends who envy thinness or by dance or athletic coaches who encourage low body fat.
• The family itself may deny the problem and be obstructive or manipulative, adding to the difficulties of treatment.

It is very important that the patient and any close friends and relatives be informed about the serious potential of these conditions and the importance of receiving immediate help.

Getting Rid of Unrealistic Expectations

Patients may drop out of programs if they have unrealistic expectations of being "cured" simply through the therapists' insights. Before a program begins, the following possibilities should be made clear:

• The process is painful and requires hard work on the part of the patient and family.
• A number of therapeutic methods are likely to be tried until the patient succeeds in overcoming these difficult disorders.
• Relapse is common but should not be greeted with despair. (In one study, about 90% of bulimic patients responded to treatments after 6 years.)

Although the outcome for bulimics is generally more favorable than for anorexics, long-term studies are showing recovery in most people treated for anorexia.

General Treatment Approaches

Psychotherapies. All eating disorders are nearly always treated with some form of psychiatric or psychologic treatment. Depending on the problem, certain psychologic approaches may work better than others.

Medications. Various medications may be helpful for patients depending on the type of eating disorder, psychiatric state, and severity of the condition.

• Review Date: 12/13/2006
• Reviewed By: Harvey Simon, MD, Associate Professor of Medicine, Harvard Medical School; Physician, Massachusetts General Hospital.

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